What is velocity in Agile, and how is it measured?

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User stories are short, simple descriptions of a feature or functionality told from the perspective of the end user or customer. In Agile projects, they are used to capture requirements in a user-centric way, helping teams understand what users need and why.

In Agile, velocity is a key metric used by Scrum and other Agile teams to measure how much work they complete in a sprint. It helps teams understand their capacity, plan future sprints, and track progress over time.

What is Velocity?

Velocity represents the total amount of work—typically measured in story points, ideal days, or task count—that a team completes during a single sprint. It reflects the team’s throughput or productivity.

How is Velocity Measured?

1. Estimate Work Items: At the start, the team estimates user stories or backlog items using a unit like story points, which quantify complexity and effort.

2. Complete Work in Sprint: During the sprint, the team works to complete these stories.

3. Calculate Completed Work: At sprint end, velocity is calculated by summing the story points of all fully completed (done) user stories. Partially done stories usually do not count.

4. Track Over Time: Velocity is tracked across multiple sprints to identify trends and establish a reliable average.

Why Velocity Matters

• Sprint Planning: Teams use velocity to forecast how much work they can commit to in upcoming sprints.

• Progress Tracking: Velocity helps monitor team performance and detect bottlenecks.

• Predictability: Over time, velocity improves the accuracy of delivery timelines and project forecasting.

Important Notes

• Velocity is team-specific and should not be compared across teams.

• It is a relative measure, not a productivity score or performance metric.

In summary, velocity quantifies the work a team completes per sprint, guiding planning and improving predictability in Agile projects.

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